Reference boundary

Preliminary voltage-drop resistance factor reference only. It does not set acceptable voltage drop, conductor ampacity, breaker size, or installation approval.

Reference table

Compare copper and aluminum K-factor values used in voltage-drop resistance estimates.

Formula basis: K20 = resistivity x 601.53, then KT = K20 x (1 + alpha x (T - 20 C)).
MaterialConductor temp (C)K factor (ohm-cmil/ft)Resistivity (ohm mm2/m)Use
Copper2010.370.01724Base resistance temperature
Copper7512.610.02097Temperature-adjusted voltage-drop resistance
Copper9013.220.02198Temperature-adjusted voltage-drop resistance
Aluminum20170.02826Base resistance temperature
Aluminum7520.770.03453Temperature-adjusted voltage-drop resistance
Aluminum9021.80.03624Temperature-adjusted voltage-drop resistance
Use notes
  • Use this table for preliminary reference and arithmetic checks only.
  • Confirm equipment ratings, product markings, installation conditions, utility requirements, and the local authority requirements before design or field use.